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Difference between revisions of "Noise gate"

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__TOC__
 
__TOC__
[[image:Gate block.png|300px]]
 
  
=Input block=
+
=Available on which products=
 +
 
 +
Noise gating is available on all Fractal Audio's processors as part of the Input block and as a standalone Gate block.
 +
 
 +
Information about noise gates:
 +
* [[Amp_block#Noise.2C_fizz.2C_crackle.2C_sizzle.2C_intermodulation.2C_crossover_distortion|Noise, fizz, crackle, sizzle, intermodulation, crossover distortion]]
 +
* Wikipedia's <q>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_gate Noise gate]</q> article
 +
 
 +
=Noise gate in the Input block=
  
 
==About the noise gate in the Input block==
 
==About the noise gate in the Input block==
  
The Input block contains a noise gate. On the Axe-Fx III and FM3 this applies to each Input block.
+
The Input block contains a noise gate. On the Axe-Fx III, FM9 and FM3, this applies to each Input block and the entire signal that enters an Input block is processed by the gate, whether analog, digital, or USB.
  
<blockquote>(Axe-Fx III) "Each input block has a built-in gate." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-3-grid.135615/page-2#post-1604978 source] </blockquote>
+
==Channels or X/Y==
  
==CPU usage==
+
* '''Axe-Fx III''' and '''FM9''' and '''FM3''': 4 channels
 +
* '''Axe-Fx II''': no
 +
* '''AX8''': no
  
The noise gate in the Input block increases CPU usage, so switch it off (turn Threshold OFF) if you have no need for it.
+
==Types==
  
==Configuring the noise gate==
+
; Classic Expander : Basic downward expander
  
At default settings the gate in the Input block already works fine. It there's still some background noise, for example from a Flanger or high-gain amp, increase Ratio and/or adjust Threshold.
+
; Intelligent : Faster and more stable noise gate, using a proprietary noise reduction algorithm
  
In the Axe-Fx III and FM3, all signal that appears at an Input block is processed by the gate, whether analog, digital, or USB.
+
; Noise Reducer : Reduces noise while preserving the attack of the note. It does this by using intelligent filtering to remove line noise and high frequency hiss while leaving the rest of the spectrum intact
  
<blockquote>(Axe-Fx III) "The new noise gate in the Input block is killer. I recommend starting with default settings (reset the block) and then adjust the threshold to obtain the desired results." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-version-1-09-public-beta.139264/ source] </blockquote>
+
The Axe-Fx III, FM9 and FM3 also include EMI filtering as part of the noise gate in the Input block, see above.
  
<blockquote>"The input block gate is designed for fast attack." [https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-release-version-12-00.157866/post-1884268 source]</blockquote>
+
The Classic and Intelligent types can achieve complete silence while the Noise Reducer type can let some sound through as it is designed to be as transparent and unobtrusive as possible.
  
==EMI filtering==
+
<blockquote>
 +
'''FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES'''
 +
<HR>
  
The Intelligent and Noise Reducer gate types in the Input blocks in the Axe-Fx III and FM3 include EMI filtering. This helps suppressing pickup noise.
+
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/integrated-noise-reduction.138509/#post-1643208]
 +
The Intelligent mode of the gate is more than just a gate, it includes noise reduction.
 +
</blockquote>
  
This requires setting AC LINE FREQUENCY in the Global menu to the correct value for your country:
+
<blockquote>
 +
[https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-release-version-12-00.157866/post-1883948]
 +
The Input Block already uses a downward expander.
 +
</blockquote>
 +
</blockquote>
  
60 Hz = USA<BR>
+
==CPU usage==
50 Hz = Europe
 
  
<blockquote>(Axe-Fx III) "Improved Input block noise gate. When the Type is set to Intelligent (default) the noise gate now provides smart EMI filtering which reduces hum and buzz. NOTE: For best results the AC Line Frequency parameter in the Global Settings menu should be set to match the power line frequency of your country (i.e. 60 Hz for North America, 50 Hz for EU, etc.)." </blockquote>
+
The noise gate in the Input block increases CPU usage, so switch it off (turn Threshold OFF) when you have no need for it.
  
<blockquote>(firmware Ares 12.06) "Improved performance of noise gate in Input block. Both the Classic and Intelligent types have been improved. The new Noise Reducer type reduces noise while preserving the attack of the note. It does this by using intelligent filtering to remove line noise and high frequency hiss will leaving the rest of the spectrum intact. Be sure to set the global Line Frequency to a value commensurate with the AC frequency in your country. Note that the Classic and Intelligent types can achieve complete silence while the Noise Reducer type can let some sound through as it is designed to be as transparent and unobtrusive as possible.</blockquote>
+
==Tweaking==
  
==Types==
+
At default settings the gate in the Input block already works fine. It there's still some background noise, for example from a flanger or high-gain amp, increase Ratio and/or adjust Threshold.
  
There are two types of noise gate in the Input block:
+
<blockquote>'''FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES'''<HR></blockquote>
  
'''Classic''' – a basic downward expander
+
<blockquote>
 +
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-version-1-09-public-beta.139264]
 +
The new noise gate in the Input block is killer. I recommend starting with default settings (reset the block) and then adjust the threshold to obtain the desired results.
 +
</blockquote></blockquote>
  
'''Intelligent''' – a faster and more stable gate, using a proprietary noise reduction algorithm
+
=Gate/Expander block=
  
The Axe-Fx III and FM3 also include EMI filtering as part of the noise gate in the Input block.
+
==Available on which products==
  
<blockquote>"The Intelligent mode of the gate is more than just a gate, it includes noise reduction." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/integrated-noise-reduction.138509/#post-1643208 source]</blockquote>
+
* '''Axe-Fx III''', '''FM9''': 4 blocks
 +
* '''FM3''': 2 blocks
 +
* '''Axe-Fx II''': 2 blocks
 +
* '''AX8''', '''FX8''': 2 blocks
  
<blockquote>"The Input Block already uses a downward expander." [https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-release-version-12-00.157866/post-1883948 source]</blockquote>
+
==Channels or X/Y==
  
=Gate/Expander block=
+
* '''Axe-Fx III''', '''FM9''', '''FM3''': 4 channels
 +
* '''Axe-Fx II XL''', '''XL+''', '''AX8''', '''FX8''': X/Y
 +
* '''Axe-Fx II Mk I''', '''II''': no
  
 
==About the Gate/Expander block==
 
==About the Gate/Expander block==
  
The standalone Gate/Expander block allows precise control over gate settings, such as Sidechain Select, and flexibility, because you can put anywhere on the grid and it offers side-chaining. A common position is to add it after a high-gain Amp block.
+
The standalone Gate/Expander block allows precise control over gate settings and flexibility. You can put anywhere on the grid and it offers side-chaining. A common position is after a high-gain Amp block.
 +
 
 +
<blockquote>'''FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES'''<HR>
 +
 
 +
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/posts/956435]
 +
The self-noise of your guitar is usually greater than the self-noise of the Axe-Fx. This noise will be amplified by the amp block. For high-gain tones it is almost always necessary to use a gate to control this noise. Adjust the noise gate in In/Gte to squelch the noise.
 +
</blockquote>
 +
 
 +
<blockquote>
 +
[https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/weird-high-frequency-hiss.161463/post-1933601]
 +
You shouldn't use gate and noise reduction together. One or the other.
 +
</blockquote>
 +
</blockquote>
 +
 
 +
==Gate block diagram==
 +
 
 +
[[image:Gate block.png|350px]]
  
 
==Types==
 
==Types==
  
'''Downward Expander''': in firmware Ares 12 and later. It has less chatter and tighter gating than the Classic Gate.
+
; Classic Expander : Based off classic analog downward expanders. It has less chatter and tighter gating than the Classic Gate. Previously named: Downward Expander.
 +
; Modern Expander : Uses a novel approach to the envelope detector resulting in improved ballistics compared to traditional analog expanders. A “Knee Type” parameter has been added which allows selecting between hard-knee expansion and varying degrees of soft-knee expansion.
 +
; Classic Gate : Based on the classic noise gate where the gate opens when the Threshold value is exceeded and decays to the Attenuation value when below the Threshold value and the Hold timer has expired. This type offers harder gating and is useful for aggressive styles.
 +
; Modern Gate : Similar to the Classic Gate except the gate opens in a constant linear-in-dB manner. This naturally makes the attack slower as the gate first opens. It can be used for both traditional gating. It can also be used for special effects like audio swells (substitute for the Auto-Swell type in the [[Volume/Panner block]].
  
'''Classic Gate''': based on the classic noise gate where the gate opens when the Threshold value is exceeded and decays to the Attenuation value when below the Threshold value and the Hold timer has expired. This type offers harder gating and is useful for aggressive styles.
+
<blockquote>'''FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES'''<HR></blockquote>
  
==Available on which products==
+
<blockquote><blockquote>
 +
[https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-firmware-version-21-02-public-beta-beta-2.191173/post-2375489]
 +
The Modern Gate is the best of the bunch but it uses more CPU.
 +
</blockquote>
 +
</blockquote>
 +
 
 +
==Gate block position on the grid==
 +
 
 +
You can put the Gate block anywhere on the grid. Many high gain lovers place it after the Amp block.
 +
 
 +
=Parameters=
 +
 
 +
==Global Settings: AC Line Frequency==
  
* '''Axe-Fx III''': 4 blocks
+
The Intelligent and Noise Reducer gate types in the [[Input block|Input blocks]] in the Axe-Fx III, FM9 and FM3 include EMI filtering. This helps suppressing pickup noise. This requires setting AC LINE FREQUENCY in the [[Global Settings menu]] to the correct value for your country:
* '''FM3''': 2 blocks
 
* '''Axe-Fx II''': 2 blocks
 
* '''AX8''': 1 block
 
* '''FX8''': 2 block
 
  
<blockquote>"The self-noise of your guitar is usually greater than the self-noise of the Axe-Fx. This noise will be amplified by the amp block. For high-gain tones it is almost always necessary to use a gate to control this noise. Adjust the noise gate in In/Gte to squelch the noise." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/posts/956435/ source] </blockquote>
+
60 Hz = USA<BR>
 +
50 Hz = Europe
  
==Channels or X/Y switching==
+
Note: this is not the same parameter as AC LINE FREQUENCY in the Amp block.
  
* '''Axe-Fx III''' and '''FM3''': 4 channels
+
<blockquote>
* '''Axe-Fx II XL''' and '''XL+''': X/Y
+
'''FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES'''
* '''Axe-Fx II Mk I''' and '''II''': no
+
<HR>
* '''AX8''': X/Y
 
* '''FX8''': X/Y
 
  
There's no MIDI CC available for Gate/Expander X/Y switching on the Axe-Fx II.
+
From the v1.09 release notes:
 +
<blockquote>
 +
[https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-version-1-09-public-beta.139264/post-1651516]
 +
[…]
 +
Improved Input block noise gate. When the Type is set to Intelligent (default) the noise gate now provides smart EMI filtering which reduces hum and buzz. NOTE: For best results the AC Line Frequency parameter in the Global Settings menu should be set to match the power line frequency of your country (i.e. 60 Hz for North America, 50 Hz for EU, etc.).
 +
</blockquote>
  
=Parameters=
+
<blockquote>
 +
Improved performance of noise gate in Input block. Both the Classic and Intelligent types have been improved. The new Noise Reducer type reduces noise while preserving the attack of the note. It does this by using intelligent filtering to remove line noise and high frequency hiss will leaving the rest of the spectrum intact. Be sure to set the global Line Frequency to a value commensurate with the AC frequency in your country. Note that the Classic and Intelligent types can achieve complete silence while the Noise Reducer type can let some sound through as it is designed to be as transparent and unobtrusive as possible.
 +
</blockquote>
  
==Parameters table==
+
<blockquote>
 +
[https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate.187913/post-2329778]
 +
The Intelligent mode in the Input Block Noise gate does dynamic lowpass filtering AND dynamic line noise filtering. For the latter to work properly you MUST set the Line Frequency to match the frequency in your country (i.e., 60 Hz for USA, 50 Hz for EU, etc.)."
 +
</blockquote>
 +
</blockquote>
  
{| class="wikitable"
+
==Global Settings: Noisegate Offset==
|-
 
! '''Parameter'''
 
! '''Axe-Fx III / FM3'''
 
! '''Axe-Fx II'''
 
! '''AX8 / FX8'''
 
|-
 
| Type (Input block only)
 
! yes
 
!
 
!
 
|-
 
| Threshold
 
! yes
 
!
 
!
 
|-
 
| Ratio
 
! yes
 
!
 
!
 
|-
 
| Attack Time
 
! yes
 
!
 
!
 
|-
 
| Release Time
 
! yes
 
!
 
!
 
|-
 
| Hold Time
 
! yes
 
!
 
!
 
|-
 
| Sidechain Source
 
! yes
 
!
 
!
 
|-
 
| Low Cut, High Cut
 
! yes
 
!
 
!
 
|-
 
| Global > AC Line Frequency (Input block only)
 
! yes
 
! no
 
! no
 
|}
 
  
==Sidechain==
+
The Noisegate Offset parameter in the [[Global Settings menu]] offsets the Threshold setting across all presets. This can be used to increase or decrease the threshold to compensate for varying interference levels. If the Threshold parameter in the preset is set to “Off”, the global Noisegate Offset value will have no effect. The default value is 0 dB and is set to that upon a system reset.
  
<Blockquote>(firmware Ares 12.03) “The sidechain filter changed in 12.03. Instead of a single bandpass it is now a highpass and a lowpass. With the single bandpass the lowcut and highcut frequencies were constrained from being greater/less than each other. gate to behave differently than it does now.“ [https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-release-version-12-04.159140/post-1901681 source]</Blockquote>
+
<blockquote>'''FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES'''<HR></blockquote>
 +
<blockquote>
 +
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/simple-noise-gate-question.99798/#post-1197177]
 +
When I program a pro rig, we always set the noise gate at a threshold that feels best in the studio, knowing that the global NOISEGATE OFFSET which can save you in a pinch should the rig need to be used in a noisy environment. By the way, BEFORE we had this global option, we'd often opt for a much more aggressive threshold: -65 db or thereabouts!
 +
</blockquote>
 +
</blockquote>
  
 
==Threshold==
 
==Threshold==
  
This determines how quiet the signal must be for the gate to close. See: Global Noise Gate Offset (below).
+
This determines how quiet the signal must be for the gate to close. See: Global Settings: Noise Gate Offset above.
  
<blockquote>(Axe-Fx III) "The new noise gate in the Input block is killer. I recommend starting with default settings (reset the block) and then adjust the threshold to obtain the desired results." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-version-1-09-public-beta.139264/ source] </blockquote>
+
<blockquote>
 +
'''FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES'''
 +
<HR>
  
Note: the Threshold parameter in firmware Ares is different from the Axe-Fx II.
+
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-version-1-09-public-beta.139264]
 +
The new noise gate in the Input block is killer. I recommend starting with default settings (reset the block) and then adjust the threshold to obtain the desired results.  
 +
</blockquote>
  
<blockquote>"There is a 20 dB offset between the II and II." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate-settings-between-ii-and-iii.139842/#post-1658127 source] </blockquote>
+
<blockquote>
 +
[https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-reducer-gate-wow.161134/post-1929320]
 +
(threshold at zero) "You'll kill a bit of high end with it that high. It may color the midrange a bit too.
 +
The Threshold parameter in firmware Ares and later is different from the Axe-Fx II.
 +
</blockquote>
  
<blockquote>"-65 dB on AX8 = -45 dB on Axe-Fx III." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-problems-ax8-vs-axe-fx-iii.142991/#post-1692712 source] </blockquote>
+
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate-settings-between-ii-and-iii.139842/#post-1658127]
 +
There is a 20 dB offset between the II and II.
 +
</blockquote>
 +
 
 +
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-problems-ax8-vs-axe-fx-iii.142991/#post-1692712]
 +
-65 dB on AX8 = -45 dB on Axe-Fx III.
 +
</blockquote>
 +
</blockquote>
  
 
==Ratio==
 
==Ratio==
Line 166: Line 203:
 
Release determines how long it takes for the gate to close. Use a slow setting for a gradual decay to prevent your notes from being clipped suddenly.
 
Release determines how long it takes for the gate to close. Use a slow setting for a gradual decay to prevent your notes from being clipped suddenly.
  
On the Axe-Fx III and FM3 always start with default settings. Don't set Attack and Release too fast.
+
On the Axe-Fx III, FM9 and FM3 always start with default settings. Don't set Attack and Release too fast.
  
<blockquote>(Axe-Fx II) "I prefer a fast attack and slow release and a ratio around 2." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noob-question-noise-gate.87769/#post-1061647 source] </blockquote>
+
The Gate block, with slow attack and fast release times, can also be used for automatic volume swells.
  
<blockquote>(Axe-Fx II) "For guitar I recommend setting the Attack time very short (less than 10ms) and the Release time to 100-200ms. Ratio 2-3:1 and Threshold to taste." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate-choke.80613/#post-979145 source] [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate-settings.83877/#post-1017595 source] </blockquote>
+
<blockquote>
 +
'''FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES'''
 +
<HR>
  
<blockquote>(Axe-Fx II) "General rule of thumb on any gate is short attack time (<5ms) and long release time (~100ms)." [https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate-fizz.105575/#post-1263518 source] </blockquote>
+
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noob-question-noise-gate.87769/#post-1061647]
 +
I prefer a fast attack and slow release and a ratio around 2.
 +
</blockquote>
  
<blockquote>(Axe-Fx II) "Typically you want a fast attack and slow release otherwise you'll get noise as the gate rapidly opens and closes when the signal decays." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-ii-quantum-3-02-firmware-release-3-01-we-hardly-new-ye.114101/page-9#post-1370985 source]</blockquote>
+
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate-choke.80613/#post-979145]  
 +
For guitar I recommend setting the Attack time very short (less than 10ms) and the Release time to 100-200ms. Ratio 2-3:1 and Threshold to taste.
 +
</blockquote>
  
<blockquote>"A rule-of-thumb is that your release time should be 10-100 times the attack time." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate-flutter.122591/#post-1459053 source] </blockquote>
+
<blockquote>
 +
[https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate-fizz.105575/#post-1263518]  
 +
General rule of thumb on any gate is short attack time (<5ms) and long release time (~100ms).
 +
</blockquote>
  
==Level==
+
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-ii-quantum-3-02-firmware-release-3-01-we-hardly-new-ye.114101/page-9#post-1370985]
 +
Typically you want a fast attack and slow release otherwise you'll get noise as the gate rapidly opens and closes when the signal decays.
 +
</blockquote>
  
The Level parameter of the gate determines the loudness of the signal entering the grid. It still works when the gate is off and can be used to boost of cut signal strength.
+
<blockquote>
 +
[http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/noise-gate-flutter.122591/#post-1459053]
 +
A rule-of-thumb is that your release time should be 10-100 times the attack time.
 +
</blockquote>
  
==Sidechain Select (Input block only)==
+
<blockquote>
 +
[https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-release-version-12-00.157866/post-1884268]
 +
The input block gate is designed for fast attack.
 +
</blockquote>
 +
</blockquote>
  
You can use SCSEL (SideChain Select) to select the signal the gate is working with. If the gate is the first block in the routing there's no need to use SCSEL. If the gate is placed after other blocks in the routing, it can be useful to use SCSEL to set an optimal source signal, such as Input 1. This is similar to the way the ISP Decimator operates. This is done by creating a separate routing from the grid input into the Gate block. [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/axe-fx-general-discussion/36145-isp-decimator-gate-expander-question.html source] [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/axe-fx-ii-wish-list/77145-noise-gate-optimisation.html source] [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/i-cant-solve-this-problem-acoustic-guitar-still-sound-on-electrics-patch.107104/ source]
+
==Level==
  
SideChain Select is not available on all processors.
+
The Level parameter of the gate in the [[Input block]] determines the loudness of the signal entering the grid. It still works when the gate is off and can be used to boost or cut signal strength.
  
==Global menu: Noisegate Offset==
+
==Sidechain==
  
The Offset parameter in the Global menu offsets the Threshold setting across all presets. This can be used to increase or decrease the threshold to compensate for varying interference levels. If the Threshold parameter in the preset is set to “Off”, the Global Offset will have no effect. The default value is 0 dB and is set to that upon System Reset.
+
<blockquote>'''FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES'''<HR></blockquote>
  
<blockquote>"When I program a pro rig, we always set the noise gate at a threshold that feels best in the studio, knowing that the global NOISEGATE OFFSET which can save you in a pinch should the rig need to be used in a noisy environment. By the way, BEFORE we had this global option, we'd often opt for a much more aggressive threshold: -65 db or thereabouts!" [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/simple-noise-gate-question.99798/#post-1197177 source] </blockquote>
+
<Blockquote>
 +
<Blockquote>
 +
[https://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/axe-fx-iii-firmware-release-version-12-04.159140/post-1901681]
 +
The sidechain filter changed in 12.03. Instead of a single bandpass it is now a highpass and a lowpass. With the single bandpass the lowcut and highcut frequencies were constrained from being greater/less than each other.
 +
</Blockquote>
 +
</Blockquote>
  
==Global menu: AC Line Freq==
+
==Sidechain Select (Input block only)==
  
Available on the Axe-Fx III. And FM3? @@
+
You can use SCSEL (SideChain Select) to select the signal the gate is working with. If the gate is the first block in the routing there's no need to use SCSEL. If the gate is placed after other blocks in the routing, it can be useful to use SCSEL to set an optimal source signal, such as Input 1. This is similar to the way the ISP Decimator operates. This is done by creating a separate routing from the grid input into the Gate block. [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/i-cant-solve-this-problem-acoustic-guitar-still-sound-on-electrics-patch.107104]
  
This helps the gate in the Input block to suppress EMI filtering. Set it to the correct frequency for your country.
+
SideChain Select is not available on all devices.
  
Note: this is not the same parameter as AC LINE FREQUENCY in the [[Amp block]].
+
=Tips, tricks and troubleshooting=
  
=More information about noise gates=
+
==Factory presets==
  
<blockquote>(Axe-Fx II) "On the Ultra I would use the gate on high gain patches but I find I don't need it now. I did some measurements and the II is at least 10 dB better SNR." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/funny-thing-at-rehersal.41117/#post-552329 source] </blockquote>
+
The Gate block is present in a couple of factory presets. Search the [[Factory presets]] page for <q>gate</q>.
  
<blockquote>"There are noise "reduction" techniques but all alter the desired signal in some way. Noise gates are among the most useful for our particular needs. Digital cameras use various techniques based on the statistics of the image (i.e. if an area of the image is monochromatic heavier filtering is applied). The Intelligent gate in the Axe-Fx uses some crude statistical processing where the statistics are based on the typical stats of a typical guitar. IOW, noise reduction is destructive. You can't beat the laws of physics. So you can't remove noise without somehow altering the original signal." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/eliminating-noise.109312/#post-1308096 source] </blockquote>
+
==Use Volume block for gating==
  
<blockquote>"The amp model doesn't add noise, it just amplifies it." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/eliminating-noise.109312/#post-1308121 source] </blockquote>
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[[Volume/Panner_block#Noise_gate|Use the Volume block as a noise gate substitute]]
  
<blockquote>"To get the best noise performance it is important that the Instr In trim is set correctly in the I/O > Input menu. Set this as high as possible without clipping the input." [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/posts/956435/ source] </blockquote>
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=Videos=
  
* [[Volume/Panner_block#Noise_gate|Using the Volume block as a noise gate]]
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[[video:Rosh-Gate]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_gate Wikipedia]
 
* [http://www.prosoundweb.com/article/noise_gates_101_what_they_do_how_to_use_them_optimally How to use noise gates]
 
* [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/i-love-hate-noise-gates-youtube-video.116883 Forum discussion]
 
* [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/heres-a-tip-for-anybody-who-wants-more-dynamics-and-pick-attack.49252 GotMetalBoy: More dynamics and pick attack]
 
* [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/i-love-hate-noise-gates-youtube-video.116883/#post-1395772 GotMetalBoy: Different ways to use a noise gate] And: [http://forum.fractalaudio.com/threads/i-love-hate-noise-gates-youtube-video.116883/#post-1402834 Example settings and Axe-Fx II preset]
 
  
 
[[category:Axe-Fx2]]
 
[[category:Axe-Fx2]]
 
[[category:Axe-Fx3]]
 
[[category:Axe-Fx3]]
 
[[category:FM3]]
 
[[category:FM3]]
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[[category:FM9]]
 
[[category:AX8]]
 
[[category:AX8]]
 
[[category:FX8]]
 
[[category:FX8]]
 
[[category:Sounds]]
 
[[category:Sounds]]
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[[category:All]]

Latest revision as of 14:46, 2 March 2024

Available on which products

Noise gating is available on all Fractal Audio's processors as part of the Input block and as a standalone Gate block.

Information about noise gates:

Noise gate in the Input block

About the noise gate in the Input block

The Input block contains a noise gate. On the Axe-Fx III, FM9 and FM3, this applies to each Input block and the entire signal that enters an Input block is processed by the gate, whether analog, digital, or USB.

Channels or X/Y

  • Axe-Fx III and FM9 and FM3: 4 channels
  • Axe-Fx II: no
  • AX8: no

Types

Classic Expander 
Basic downward expander
Intelligent 
Faster and more stable noise gate, using a proprietary noise reduction algorithm
Noise Reducer 
Reduces noise while preserving the attack of the note. It does this by using intelligent filtering to remove line noise and high frequency hiss while leaving the rest of the spectrum intact

The Axe-Fx III, FM9 and FM3 also include EMI filtering as part of the noise gate in the Input block, see above.

The Classic and Intelligent types can achieve complete silence while the Noise Reducer type can let some sound through as it is designed to be as transparent and unobtrusive as possible.

FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES


[1] The Intelligent mode of the gate is more than just a gate, it includes noise reduction.

[2] The Input Block already uses a downward expander.

CPU usage

The noise gate in the Input block increases CPU usage, so switch it off (turn Threshold OFF) when you have no need for it.

Tweaking

At default settings the gate in the Input block already works fine. It there's still some background noise, for example from a flanger or high-gain amp, increase Ratio and/or adjust Threshold.

FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES


[3] The new noise gate in the Input block is killer. I recommend starting with default settings (reset the block) and then adjust the threshold to obtain the desired results.

Gate/Expander block

Available on which products

  • Axe-Fx III, FM9: 4 blocks
  • FM3: 2 blocks
  • Axe-Fx II: 2 blocks
  • AX8, FX8: 2 blocks

Channels or X/Y

  • Axe-Fx III, FM9, FM3: 4 channels
  • Axe-Fx II XL, XL+, AX8, FX8: X/Y
  • Axe-Fx II Mk I, II: no

About the Gate/Expander block

The standalone Gate/Expander block allows precise control over gate settings and flexibility. You can put anywhere on the grid and it offers side-chaining. A common position is after a high-gain Amp block.

FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES


[4] The self-noise of your guitar is usually greater than the self-noise of the Axe-Fx. This noise will be amplified by the amp block. For high-gain tones it is almost always necessary to use a gate to control this noise. Adjust the noise gate in In/Gte to squelch the noise.

[5] You shouldn't use gate and noise reduction together. One or the other.

Gate block diagram

Gate block.png

Types

Classic Expander 
Based off classic analog downward expanders. It has less chatter and tighter gating than the Classic Gate. Previously named: Downward Expander.
Modern Expander 
Uses a novel approach to the envelope detector resulting in improved ballistics compared to traditional analog expanders. A “Knee Type” parameter has been added which allows selecting between hard-knee expansion and varying degrees of soft-knee expansion.
Classic Gate 
Based on the classic noise gate where the gate opens when the Threshold value is exceeded and decays to the Attenuation value when below the Threshold value and the Hold timer has expired. This type offers harder gating and is useful for aggressive styles.
Modern Gate 
Similar to the Classic Gate except the gate opens in a constant linear-in-dB manner. This naturally makes the attack slower as the gate first opens. It can be used for both traditional gating. It can also be used for special effects like audio swells (substitute for the Auto-Swell type in the Volume/Panner block.

FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES


[6] The Modern Gate is the best of the bunch but it uses more CPU.

Gate block position on the grid

You can put the Gate block anywhere on the grid. Many high gain lovers place it after the Amp block.

Parameters

Global Settings: AC Line Frequency

The Intelligent and Noise Reducer gate types in the Input blocks in the Axe-Fx III, FM9 and FM3 include EMI filtering. This helps suppressing pickup noise. This requires setting AC LINE FREQUENCY in the Global Settings menu to the correct value for your country:

60 Hz = USA
50 Hz = Europe

Note: this is not the same parameter as AC LINE FREQUENCY in the Amp block.

FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES


From the v1.09 release notes:

[7] […] Improved Input block noise gate. When the Type is set to Intelligent (default) the noise gate now provides smart EMI filtering which reduces hum and buzz. NOTE: For best results the AC Line Frequency parameter in the Global Settings menu should be set to match the power line frequency of your country (i.e. 60 Hz for North America, 50 Hz for EU, etc.).

Improved performance of noise gate in Input block. Both the Classic and Intelligent types have been improved. The new Noise Reducer type reduces noise while preserving the attack of the note. It does this by using intelligent filtering to remove line noise and high frequency hiss will leaving the rest of the spectrum intact. Be sure to set the global Line Frequency to a value commensurate with the AC frequency in your country. Note that the Classic and Intelligent types can achieve complete silence while the Noise Reducer type can let some sound through as it is designed to be as transparent and unobtrusive as possible.

[8] The Intelligent mode in the Input Block Noise gate does dynamic lowpass filtering AND dynamic line noise filtering. For the latter to work properly you MUST set the Line Frequency to match the frequency in your country (i.e., 60 Hz for USA, 50 Hz for EU, etc.)."

Global Settings: Noisegate Offset

The Noisegate Offset parameter in the Global Settings menu offsets the Threshold setting across all presets. This can be used to increase or decrease the threshold to compensate for varying interference levels. If the Threshold parameter in the preset is set to “Off”, the global Noisegate Offset value will have no effect. The default value is 0 dB and is set to that upon a system reset.

FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES


[9] When I program a pro rig, we always set the noise gate at a threshold that feels best in the studio, knowing that the global NOISEGATE OFFSET which can save you in a pinch should the rig need to be used in a noisy environment. By the way, BEFORE we had this global option, we'd often opt for a much more aggressive threshold: -65 db or thereabouts!

Threshold

This determines how quiet the signal must be for the gate to close. See: Global Settings: Noise Gate Offset above.

FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES


[10] The new noise gate in the Input block is killer. I recommend starting with default settings (reset the block) and then adjust the threshold to obtain the desired results.

[11] (threshold at zero) "You'll kill a bit of high end with it that high. It may color the midrange a bit too. The Threshold parameter in firmware Ares and later is different from the Axe-Fx II.

[12] There is a 20 dB offset between the II and II.

[13] -65 dB on AX8 = -45 dB on Axe-Fx III.

Ratio

Determines how much quieter the signal will be when the gate is closed.

Attack and Release

Attack determines how long it takes for the gate to open after signal levels exceed the threshold. Keep this low to preserve the attack of first notes.

Release determines how long it takes for the gate to close. Use a slow setting for a gradual decay to prevent your notes from being clipped suddenly.

On the Axe-Fx III, FM9 and FM3 always start with default settings. Don't set Attack and Release too fast.

The Gate block, with slow attack and fast release times, can also be used for automatic volume swells.

FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES


[14] I prefer a fast attack and slow release and a ratio around 2.

[15] For guitar I recommend setting the Attack time very short (less than 10ms) and the Release time to 100-200ms. Ratio 2-3:1 and Threshold to taste.

[16] General rule of thumb on any gate is short attack time (<5ms) and long release time (~100ms).

[17] Typically you want a fast attack and slow release otherwise you'll get noise as the gate rapidly opens and closes when the signal decays.

[18] A rule-of-thumb is that your release time should be 10-100 times the attack time.

[19] The input block gate is designed for fast attack.

Level

The Level parameter of the gate in the Input block determines the loudness of the signal entering the grid. It still works when the gate is off and can be used to boost or cut signal strength.

Sidechain

FRACTAL AUDIO QUOTES


[20] The sidechain filter changed in 12.03. Instead of a single bandpass it is now a highpass and a lowpass. With the single bandpass the lowcut and highcut frequencies were constrained from being greater/less than each other.

Sidechain Select (Input block only)

You can use SCSEL (SideChain Select) to select the signal the gate is working with. If the gate is the first block in the routing there's no need to use SCSEL. If the gate is placed after other blocks in the routing, it can be useful to use SCSEL to set an optimal source signal, such as Input 1. This is similar to the way the ISP Decimator operates. This is done by creating a separate routing from the grid input into the Gate block. [21]

SideChain Select is not available on all devices.

Tips, tricks and troubleshooting

Factory presets

The Gate block is present in a couple of factory presets. Search the Factory presets page for gate.

Use Volume block for gating

Use the Volume block as a noise gate substitute

Videos